1830
The capture of the Warsaw arsenal on the night of 29 November 1830, painted by Marcin Zaleski in 1831.Image: Marcin Zaleski · Public domainworld · Europe
Polish cadets start the November Uprising
Since 1815 the Kingdom of Poland had been ruled by the Russian tsar. On the evening of 29 November 1830 young officers of the infantry cadet school in Warsaw, led by Lieutenant Piotr Wysocki, rose against Russian rule. A group stormed the Belweder Palace to seize the tsar’s brother, Grand Duke Constantine, who escaped. The rebels seized the arsenal and armed the people of Warsaw, and the rising grew into a war between Poland and Russia. The Polish parliament deposed Tsar Nicholas I as king in January 1831, but the Russian army crushed the uprising by the autumn, and thousands of Poles went into exile.
Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: November Insurrection ↗
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