1898
Émile Zola, photographed by Nadar.Image: world · Europe
Émile Zola goes on trial for ‘J’accuse’
In 1894 Alfred Dreyfus, a Jewish captain in the French army, was convicted of spying for Germany on flimsy evidence and sent to Devil’s Island. Proof later emerged that another officer was the real spy, but the army acquitted him and closed ranks. On 13 January 1898 the novelist Émile Zola published an open letter to the president, headed ‘J’accuse...!’, naming the officers he blamed for the cover-up. He meant to be prosecuted, so that the facts would come out in court. His trial for libel began in Paris on 7 February 1898 amid angry crowds; he was convicted and fled to England. The case split France, and Dreyfus was finally cleared in 1906.
Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Dreyfus affair ↗
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