1761
The Third Battle of Panipat in a Faizabad-style drawing of about 1770, with the lines of guns firing at each other across the field.Image: AnonymousUnknown author · Public domainworld · Asia
Afghans and Marathas fight the Third Battle of Panipat
By the 1750s the Mughal empire had crumbled and the Marathas, from western India, had become the strongest power in the subcontinent, pushing north as far as the Punjab. There they collided with Ahmad Shah Durrani, ruler of Afghanistan, who had invaded India several times. On 14 January 1761 the two armies met at Panipat, about 80 kilometres north of Delhi, after weeks facing each other. The Marathas under Sadashiv Rao Bhau gained ground at first, but the Afghans threw in fresh cavalry in the afternoon and broke them. Tens of thousands died in the battle and the slaughter that followed. The defeat halted Maratha expansion and left the way open for the British East India Company.
Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Third Battle of Panipat ↗
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